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F. D. BLAUVELT.

PISTONRING.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 8.491s.

Patented Aug. 19, 1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

A9 WITNESSES m /zayz,

ENTOR 20 By W 79 Arm/WE s F. D. BLA'UVELT.

PISTON RING.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 8. 191a.

Patented Aug. 19, 1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

I WITNESSES "UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ammo n. BLAUVELT, or EAST ORANGE, NEW JERSEY.

' PISTON-RING.

To all whom it may concern: Be it known that I, Fnuonmo DQBLAU- vnm', acitizen of the United States, residing at East Orange, in the county ofEssex and State of New Jersey, have invented a new and ImprovedPiston-Ring, of which at the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription. My invention relates to a composite piston luring, and hasreferencemore particularly to a piston ring formed of a plurality of larings eoacting to produce a tight packing piston ring.

. Aniobject of the invention is to provide a composite ring particularlyadaptable for internal-combustion engines subjectto m high com ression,such as crude oil, kerosene, gaso ene, etc. K"

Another object of the invention is to pro- 'vide a ring of the characterdescribed which will take .the place of a plurality of piston 5H rirgsused at present.

- ith the above and other objects in view, the natureof which will morefully appear as the description proceeds, the invention consists in thenovel construction, combination t and arrangement of parts as hereinfully described, illustrated and claimed.v

In the accompanying drawings, forming part of the ap lication, similarcharacters of reference in icate corresponding parts in ca all theviews.

Figure 1 is an elevation of a composite piston ring embodying myinvention; Fig. 2 is a similar elevation showing the front packing ringremoved from the pis- Q ton ring;

Fig. 3 is an inside elevation of a packing ring;

Fig. 4 is an elevation of the expansion e;

Fig. 5 is a section through the composite rin on line 5-5, Fig. 2;

B ig. 6 is an enlarged edge elevation of a fragment of the compositering;

Fig. 7 is an elevation of a modified structure of the composite ring;

Fig. 8 is a similar elevation with the upper, secondary packing ringremoved; i Fig. 9 is a similar elevation with the two upper packingrings removed; Fi 10 is an inside elevation of a main packing ringpartially broken out to show the method of engagement between the 56secondary and the main packing rings;

Fig. 11 is a cross section through a pis- Specification of LettersPatent.

Patented Aug. 19, 1919.

Application filedihme 8, 1918. Serial No. 238,947.

ton and a composite ring on line 11--11, Fig. 7 to illustrate the evenecessary for,a composite ring of t is character;

F 1g. 12 is a fragmentary edge elevation of the piston ring showing themanner of limiting the rotation between the main acking rings and theexpansion ring; an

Fig. 13 is an edge elevation showing at. i

ring 17 made of high carbon tempered steel. \Both rings have gaps 18adapted to form" astraight oint, as shown. The carrier 15 the action ofwhich is more limited than the action of the expansion ring 17 due tothe difference in material and also difference in construction. Theexpansion ring 17 is formed to have a diameter larger than the diameterof the cylinder the piston ring is to fit. To make the carrier ring ofthe same diameter as the diameter of the expansion rin .would beimpracticable, due to its widt for the purpose.

Packing rings 19 are mounted to encompass the carrier ring 15 and theexpansion ring 17. Each of the packing rings has on. its inner face abevel 20,. against which bevels the expansion rim bears. The expansionring acting on the beVels 20 tends to move the two packin rings 19 aparton the carrier ring 15. And in view of the fact that the separation ofthe acking rings 19 is "limited by the width 0 the piston ring groove,the ring 17 will also control the. lateral expansion of the packingrings if the carrier ring fails to sufficiently expand the packing rings19 laterally.

The bevel 20 is preferably at an angle of 45 to the bearing faces of thepacking rings. 19. The said bearing faces are preferably corrugated. Thegaps 21 in the packing rings may form a straight jointor a lap Joint maybe used if so desired. The packing rings 19 are provided with elongatednotches22 in the proximate faces into which enters a pin 23 which isanchored in the carrier ring 15, the pin 23 passing also through the gapapreferably also forms an expansion ring and also the material used 18of the expansion ring. The pin 23 is set at an angle of135 to the gap 18of the carrier ring, and the notches 22 in the packingrings are formedat oppositely-directed angles of 45 from their notches. There- 'fore thejoints of the packing rings are 90 apart, and one of them is 180 fromthe joint 18 of the carrier and the other 90 from same.

In cases Where it is desirable to dispense with the carrier ring, aseatfor the expansion ring 17 can be provided directly in the I pistongroove 24 (seeFig. 11), for which purpose a groove 16 is depressed fromthe bottom of the groove 24. The packing rings 19 are reduced at theirupper outer faces to provide space for secondary packing rings 25, thegaps of which rings have straight joints, as shown. Preferably thesecondary packing ring presents as much working surface as the primaryring which carries the v vsecondary ring.

In this constructionof the composite ring,

the elongated notches 22 in the adjacent faces of the packing ringsengage the pin 23, whic h is in this case anchored in the ex pansionring 17 at an angle of 135 from the gap 18 therein. The relativerotation between the primary and secondary packing rings is controlledby pins 26 anchored in the primary packing ring and which are located 1nthe gap of the corresponding secondary packing ring. The pins 26 are sothe primaryv packing rings that i the gaps of the secondary rings are atan mounted in adapted to bear against the expansion ring [and wherebythe packing rings are each l (and the sides o fa piston groove, andmeans ma ntained against the wall of a cylinder for preventing therotation Sal of the packing rings on the carrier ring.

2. A composite piston ring comprising a carrier ring having an outerannular groove, a pin in said carrier ring projecting put of the groove,said pin being at an angle of 135 from the joint of the carrier ring, ahigh carbon tempered steel expansion ring in saidgroove having its jointengaged by the pin in the carrier, and a pair of packing rings adaptedto' encompass the carrier ring and each presenting an inner beveladapted to bear against the expansion ring, eachof packing rings havingan elongated notch adapted to 'be engaged bythe pin, I said elongatednotch being at an angle of;

45 from the joint of the packing ring and said notches being so relatedthat the joints of the two packing rings are 90 apart. j

3. A composite piston ring-comprising a carrier ring, a high carbonsteel expansion ring carried by the carrier ri a pair of packingringsadapted to encor n% ss the expansion ring and each presentingxninner annular bevel againstwhich the expansion ring is adaptedto bear,and'a pin-extending I from the carrier ring at an angle of 135 from thejoint of said carrier ring, each of said packing rings having anelongated notch adapted to be engaged by the pin, the notch in each ofthe packing rings being at two notches being so related that the gapjoints are 90 apart when the notches of the packing rings engage the'pin.

4:. A composite piston ring comprising a carrier' ring, an expansionring of high caran angle of 45,from its gap joint and the 4 bon temperedsteel, a pair of packing rings' encompassing the expansion ring and eachpresenting an inner annular bevel bearingeach of said packing 1 on theexpansion ring, rings having an outer annular corrugated face, and meansfor maintaining the gap joints of all the rings in predeterminedrelation. Y 1

FEEDER-IO D. BLAUVELT;

